Vladimir Propp developed a character theory for studying media texts and productions, which indicates that there were 7 broad character types in the 100 tales he analysed, which could be applied to other media:
The villain (struggles against the hero)
The donor (prepares the hero or gives the hero some magical object)
The (magical) helper (helps the hero in the quest)
The princess (person the hero marries, often sought for during the narrative)
Her father (usually dies during or before the film/book)
The dispatcher (character who makes the lack known and sends the hero off)
The hero (protagonist, goes on a quest, reacts to the donor, weds the princess)
This theory was produced mostly from fairy-tales, but can be transformed into other genres of film with minimal adjustment. For example, when making a thriller, you will not need the princess or her father, but may instead have yet more pawns to see die during the film, perhaps causing the protagonist or hero to react because they (princess) were a sought after character. (teenage attraction or variant)
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